• Introduction of new equipment, processes or procedures; and

• Inadequate performance.

The supervisor is generally responsible for much of the training of workers. This duty, however, may often be delegated to an experienced worker. To be an effective instructor, an instructor should: Receive training in how to instruct; prepare an orderly plan for instruction; and explain reasons why each step must be done in a certain way.

All instructors should be taught how to proceed when training a new or inexperienced employee. They should plan the session beforehand; break the job down into steps; have training aids available; explain what is to be done; describe all the hazards and protective measures; demonstrate each step, stress key points, and answer any questions; have the employee carry out each step, correct errors, and compliment good performance; check frequently after the employee is working independently to ensure correct performance.

Documented correct work procedures are an invaluable aid in job skills training. External sources for training assistance are industry associations, unions, government agencies, and professional consultants.

Health and safety education should start with employee orientation when an employee joins the organization or is transferred to a new job. It has been found that inexperienced workers, in general, are involved in accidents at a higher rate than others.

While experience can only be gained through time, both health and safety education and job skills training can be used to improve this record. Orientation sessions normally cover such items as explanation of the function of the work unit, organizational relationships, administrative arrangements, and miscellaneous policies and rules. FSM